تأثیر احساس امنیت بر رضایت‌مندی سکونتی در مجتمع مسکونی هزار دستگاه نازی‌آباد تهران بر اساس مدل (C.P.T.E.D)

امنیت، یکی از مهم‌‌ترین نیازهای بشر است. محققان بر این باورند که تامین و احساس امنیت به‌گونه­ای تنگاتنگ با مشخصه‌های کالبدی محیط و میزان رضایتمندی از آن در رابطه­ است. مطالعه حاضر بر مبنای مدل CPTED و با هدف بررسی تاثیر احساس امنیت بر میزان رضایت‌مندی سکونتی در مجتمع مسکونی هزار دستگاه نازی‌آباد تهران انجام شده است. پژوهش بر اساس مطالعه موردی و روش توصیفی- همبستگی انجام گرفت و ­240 خانوار ساکن در مجتمع مسکونی هزاردستگاه از طریق پرسشنامه که بر اساس اصول و مولفه­های پیشنهادی در رویکردCPTED  تنظیم گردید مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. داده­ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار SPSS و آمار توصیفی، آزمون تی مستقل، کای اسکوئر، آنالیز واریانس یک‌طرفه و ضریب همبستگی پیرسون تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که احساس امنیت ساکنان در سطح متوسط اما رضایت‌مندی سکونتی آنان در سطح پایین است. همچنین بین احساس امنیت و عوامل محیطی (در متغیرهای روشنایی و تهویه، دید و منظر) و بین احساس امنیت و عوامل اجتماعی در ساکنان بدون رضایت‌مندی در متغیر روابط همسایگی رابطه مثبت و معنی دار، اما در متغیرمدیریت و نگه‌داری رابطه منفی و معنی‌دار وجود دارد. بطور کلی  نتایج حاکی از وجود رابطه معنادار بین احساس امنیت و رضایت‌مندی سکونتی در مجتمع مسکونی است.

Security is one of the most important human needs. Researchers believe that the need for security has a strong and close relationship with the physical characteristics of the environment and people’s satisfaction. To study the relationship between security and environmental (physical and social) satisfaction, ‘’CPTED’’ approach and its principals in Design and environmental planning and Urban landscape will be helpful. CPTED Model which is to comply with certain standards helps environmental designers to cope with social and security problems in residential and neighbourhood environment in order to help residents feel safe. The main environmental factors in the CPTED model are physical, functional, social and economical and perceptual-psychological variables, while the main environmental factors in the residential satisfaction are environmental, social and physical characteristics. A theory of residential satisfaction is developed and used in the specification of a model wherein compositional characteristics of the context of the dwelling and neighborhood in which residents live influence various dimensions of satisfaction. Residents’ opinions about their neighborhood offer important insights. They shed light on which aspects of the setting have a greater impact on overall residential environmental satisfaction. Any incongruence between the set of needs, especially security needs, and the current residential status can be used as a predictor for behavior. Thus residential satisfaction as a criterion of residential quality determine the degree to which a person is satisfied with residential environment. The research’s main questions are: 1.What is the relationship between residential satisfaction and the sense of security in the Naziabad residential complex? 2. How is the correctional coefficient between residential satisfaction and the sense of Security? 3. Can the CPTED Model and its principles be generalized into the Naziabad residential? Complex in order to measure the relationship between residential satisfaction and the sense of security?  This study aimed to determine the relationship between senses of security and residential Satisfaction in architectural design of the Tehran ‘’hezar-dastgah’’ residential complex. The method of research in this study is case-study with the use of correlational research method. Using the ‘’CPTED’’ approach and Sense of security and residential satisfaction, the research’s main tactic was survey research. 240 families in hezar-dastgah residential complex with at least 2 years of residency were purposively selected. To measure the dependent and independent variables a questionnaire was organized. Validity of the questionnaire was approved and in order to reach validity, the research used Cronbach's alpha coefficient technique. The statistical software ‘’SPSS’’ and Descriptive Statistics were selected to analysis the data with the use of Independent T-test, Chi-Square, One way ANOVA test and Pearson correlation coefficient.  The level of significance P<0/05 analysed. The results showed that the sense of security of Hezar-dastgah residents is at the average level. However, satisfaction is at a low level in the residential neighbourhood. The results also show that economic status, age, education and gender, have significant positive correlation with the sense of security. In sum, the research shows that there are positive relationship between the sense of security and residential satisfaction in Naziabad Residential Neighbourhood.

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