تحلیل دانه‌بندی بلوک‌های مسکونی از منظر جرم‌شناسی با استفاده تکنیک نحو فضا

هدف از انجام این پژوهش بررسی نقش دسترسی بصری و فیزیکی در فضاهای باز مجتمع‌های مسکونی و نقش آنها در تامین امنیت آن محیط است. پیرامون موضوع مطروحه، سه الگوی فضای باز در مجتمع‌های مسکونی در نظر گرفته شد که شامل"الگوی حیاط مرکزی"،"الگوی خطی یا ردیفی"‌ و"الگوی بلوک‌های پراکنده" است. ابزار ارزیابی در این پژوهش، تئوری نحو‌فضا است. فرایند این پژوهش به این صورت انجام می‌شود که در ابتدا فاکتورهای مؤثر بر میزان جرم‌خیزی فضاهای باز مجتمع‌های مسکونی استخراج می‌گردد، سپس با استفاده از تئوری نحو فضا، به تبیین چارچوب نظری پژوهش پرداخته می‌شود. در ادامه با استفاده از نرم افزار Depthmap ، شاخص-های‌" قابلیت دسترسی فیزیکی"،" قابلیت دسترسی بصری"،"دسترسی محلی" و دسترسی فراگیر" در نمونه های موردی بررسی می‌شود و در نهایت الگوی نهایی بهینه که دارای کمترین میزان احتمال جرم خیزی است معرفی شده و راه‌کارهای حاصل تبیین می‌گردد. نتایج تحقیق نشان می‌دهد که با توجه به تحلیل‌های کمی ذکر شده، فضای باز مجتمع مسکونی با الگوی حیاط مرکزی، دارای کمترین میزان جرم خیزی نسبت به دو الگوی دیگر است، این در حالی است که در فضاهای باز با الگوی بلوک‌های پراکنده، امکان وقوع جرم بیشتر از سایر نمونه‌ها می‌باشد.

Several factors such as socio-economic, physical and environmental vulnerability affects the crime rate and each with its own special place in altered offense in a variety of play spaces. The aim of this study is one of the components of physical environmental factors in terms of crime, as one of the most important factors in the environment is secure and in this regard, housing spaces around it, as the human life is assessed. On the issue raised, three outdoor pattern among residential blocks were that the receiver has a central courtyard patterns, lines or rows and blocks scattered or isolated. Assessment tool in this regard in order to achieve this goal, syntax-space theory is that by using the software analysis, done. Computer studies done by the software Depthmap indicators "Physical accessibility", "visual accessibility", "local access" universal access "analyzed the rest. In general, this research first the factors contributing to the change in crime rate and paid for residential outdoor spaces And then given the tools used to study space syntax theory to explain the theoretical framework will be discussed. Then, taking into consideration the findings of this part of the study case studies, raised factor test and data analysis carried out and in the end, according to the results of this section, the final pattern optimized with the lowest rate is likely to rise in crime And of course the physical and environmental features, introduction and ways to explain the result. is. the outdoor design blocks scattered, due to the disproportionate fines reduced by factors in the environment, the possibility of crime where most of the other examples mentioned. In this study, one of the most important factors associated with the issue of crime was physical. The ability to access a variety of important factors in assessing the security environment. residential as one of the most important human settlements that spent the most hours of the day and security is very important, as the sample was included in this study einally, with regard to three single central linear pattern, according to the analysis of some indicators of criminology perspective, central open space as a set of security environment more favorable to gender learn the pattern of the other adopted was and linear pattern and the next single was in place. Therefore, considering the above process, in addition to the physical features and get the optimal solution proposals in connection with the promotion of safety in the adopt pattern is:
- Non-breeding tall trees and dense surrounding residential areas, especially in blind spots
- Appropriate layout of urban indicators, such as statues, etc. in order not to create a visually inaccessible places
- Appropriate lighting in places inaccessible and Cottrell at intervals extended
- Locating the security environment in places that have a good sight to the blind
- The edges of the space has a special place because of what we reap the center space availability is reduced. - Control and protection of these areas also seem necessary

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